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Sarnath Buddha gave a famous lecture, referred to as Dharmachakra, “Turning the Wheel of the Law,” here at Deer Park over 2,500 years ago. After years of meditation and austerities, Buddha attained enlightenment at Bodh Gaya and then came here to Sarnath around 530 BC, where he delivered his first speech. Sarnath is a peaceful place located 10km northeast of Varanasi. It takes a couple of hours to see everything here and it is an interesting place. Hiuen Tsang, from China, visited the site about 640 AD and described what was there then. There was a monastery that had 1,500 priests, a 60m (200 ft) high vihara, an Ashoka’s stone stupa, a 21m (70 ft) high stone pillar, a magnificent 90m (300 ft) high stupa, and many other monuments. Ashoka built impressive stupas and monasteries here. Muslim invaders destroyed many of the buildings and monuments. In 1836 the British started to excavate the area. Now most of the old monuments are in ruins and there is not much activity here. There are several modern Buddhist monasteries here, but Bodh Gaya and Dharamsala are much better places to study Buddhism. The
post office is near the Tourist Bungalow. The Dhamekha Stupa is an imposing cylindrical tower 34m (112 ft) high. It dates back to the 5th or 6th century, and the last enlargement to it was supposed to be have been made in the 12th century. It is believed to mark the place of Lord Buddha’s sermon. Slightly to the west is the Ashoka Column, dating back to the 3rd century. The lion capital that was on top of the column is now in the Sarnath Museum. The “main shrine” building dates from the 3rd century BC to the 5th century AD. All that is left is the foundation. The Ashoka Column is in front of the main shrine. North of here is the excavated ruins of a Buddhists monastery, where there are four pillars that are said to mark the room where Buddha stayed. The Dharmarajika Stupa, which is a short distance to the west of the Dhamekha Stupa, is attributed to Ashoka. In its core is a green marble casket containing pieces of human bone, decayed pearls, gold leaf, and other precious objects. It has been enlarged six times, the last time being in the 12th century. The
Digambara Jain temple, southwest of the Dhamekh Stupa,
built in 1824, is said to be where Shreyanshnath, the
11th Jain tirthankara was born. Inside the temple are good frescoes,
which depict the life of Mahavir, the founder of the present day Jain
religion. There are sculptures dating back to the Mauryan, Gupta and Kushana periods. The museum also has deities, which date back to the 9th to 12th centuries. There is a guidebook called Sarnath, by VS Agrawala, sold at the ticket office. At the ticket office you can also get books about some of the other archaeological sites in India. Open daily except Friday and government holidays, 10 am to 5 pm; admission Rs 2. Buddhist
Temples There
are five modern Buddhist temples. The Chinese Temple has a nice garden
and the highly decorated Tibetan Temple, has a picture of the Dalai
Lama on the altar. There are also Burmese, Japanese and Thai temples. Tours If you know of a informationthat is not correct or if you would like to help update our listings, please e-mail us at:
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